Starting point for this tutorial.
In Moho, actions are little clips of animation that are associated with a layer (or group of layers). Using actions, you can create reusable animation for movements that you expect to use over and over again. In this tutorial you will learn you how to use actions.
For this tutorial, we'll start with a project file that already has some actions set up. It's named "Tutorial 5.6" and it's located in the "Tutorials/5 - Animation" subfolder within the main Moho folder. Open this file in Moho, and you should see something like this (don't worry - the split-apart character is just part of the bone setup process):
Starting point for this tutorial.
Let's take a look at the actions for this character. Select the Window->Actions menu command to bring up the Actions window. It should appear as shown below:
Actions for this character.
Each item listed in the Actions window is a clip of animation that this character can perform. The first entry in the list, "--- Mainline ---" is kind of special. "Mainline" is not an action - it represents the main timeline for the animation, the one that will ultimately be exported as your final movie.
To view or edit an animation, double-click it in the Actions window. Let's do this now with the "Step" action. After double-clicking "Step", a little red arrow will appear next to it in the Actions window. This indicates that Step is the currently active action:
Activate the Step action.
Also notice that the Timeline window has changed. The background changed color to indicate that you're working with an action, not the main animation. Plus, the title bar displays the name of the current action. Finally, some keyframes appeared in the timeline - these are the keys for the Step action. Press the playback button to watch this action, and stop it when you've seen enough.
Try playing back the other actions as well. For each one in turn (Wave, Squat, and Bend), double-click the action's name to activate it. Then, play back its motion to see the result. When you've watched them all, double-click Mainline to go back to the main animation's timeline.
Now that we've seen which actions the character can perform, let's try using them in an animation. Make sure that "Mainline" is active in the Actions window. Set the current frame to 3, and click once on the "Wave" action. Be sure to just click once - "Mainline" should still be active with an arrow next to it, and "Wave" should be highlighted:
Click once on "Wave".
Now that Wave is selected, we can insert it into the main timeline. Click the "Insert Reference" button 
at the top of the Actions window. When you insert an action by reference, Moho will use that action's motion in the timeline. If you later modify the action, those changes will be reflected in the main timeline. As you can see, the timeline has been updated to indicate that the Wave action was inserted, plus it shows how long the Wave action lasts:
Wave action inserted into the timeline.
Actions can also be overlapped. Set the current time to frame 12. Click once to select the Squat action in the Actions window. Finally, click the "Insert Reference" button to insert the Squat action. Notice that the timeline now shows both actions. Play back the animation to see how these two actions overlap.
Wave and Squat actions overlapping.
Let's overlap three actions now. Go to frame 40, and insert references to three actions: Wave, Squat, and Bend. One after another, click once on the action then click the "Insert Reference" button . Play back the animation now and see how the character performs the three actions together, starting at frame 40.
Finally, let's try repeating an action a few times. Go to frame 66, and insert the Step action. Then go to frame 78 (at the end of the first step action) and insert the step action again. Do this once more at frame 90. The step action should now appear three times in sequence in the timeline:
Repeating the Step action.
The last thing we'll do is move the character off screen. Right-click on the Layer Translation channel at frame 66 in the timeline and select "Add Keyframe" in the popup menu that appears:
Add a new Layer Translation keyframe.
Finally, set the current frame to 102 and use the Translate Layer tool to move the character to the left off screen:
Character translated off screen.
